Ureteral Obstruction in Endometriosis

Abstract

Aim: Endometriosis is defi ned as functional endometrial glands and stroma that occur outside the uterine cavity. It is an estrogen dependent,
benign, infl ammatory disease that affects women during premenarcheal, reproductive and postmenopausal hormonal stages.
Methods: This is a retrospective review of six cases with diagnosis of ureteral endometriosis. All the patients were referred to Department
of Surgery, Kathmandu Model Hospital and the study period was from September 2015 to August 2018.
Results: In our study all the patients had involvement of the ureter. All the patients who had undergone open surgery had extrinsic
involvement of the ureter. Two patients wno had mild distal ureteric stenosis only were managed by diagnostic URS and retrograde DJ
stenting. Another two patients with right distal ureteric stenosis were managed initially with retrograde DJ stenting but after removal of
ureteric stent and in subsequent follow up the degree of hydroureteronephrosis increased in both the cases .These two patients were fi nally
undergone right Lich Gregoir ureteroneocystostomy. In the remaining two patients, ureterorenoscopy (URS) guided double J stenting were
attempted but failed to insert the stent due to stenosed ureter so they underwent open abdominal hysterectomy with excision endometriotic
cyst with ureterolysis and double J stenting..
Conclusions: Ureteral endometriosis is a rare disease presenting most commonly with nonspecifi c symptoms and signs and thus making
preoperative diagnosis often diffi cult for the clinicians. Treatment of ureteral endometriosis is primarily surgical. The surgical procedures
which are usually performed are excision of all endometriosis lesion, ureterolysis, ureterectomy with ureteroureteral anastomosis and
ureteroneocystomy.
Keywords: diagnostic ureteroscopy, endometriosis, ureterolysis, ureteroneocystostomy